ماري كوري

The physicist and chemist who isolated radium and polonium, won two Nobel Prizes, and became the first woman professor at the Sorbonne.

Portrait of Marie Curie
Marie Curie in her laboratory, photographed in the 1920s by Henri Manuel. · Henri Manuel · Public domain

وُلدت ماري كوري، واسمها عند الولادة ماريا سكłodوفسكا، في وارسو في السابع من نوفمبر عام 1867، وكانت ابنة معلّم في مدرسة ثانوية. وقد تلقت تعليمها العام في مدارس محلية، كما نالت قدراً من التدريب العلمي على يد والدها. ونشأت في مدينة وارسو التي كانت يومذاك خاضعة للسيطرة الروسية، وهو سياق تاريخي أثّر في مسار حياتها اللاحق…

Timeline

7 November 1867

Born in Warsaw

Marie Curie, née Maria Sklodowska, was born in Warsaw, then in the part of Poland dominated by Russia.1

1891

Paris and the Sorbonne

She went to Paris to continue her studies at the Sorbonne, where she obtained Licenciateships in Physics and the Mathematical Sciences.1

1895

Marriage to Pierre Curie

She married Pierre Curie, whom she had met in 1894.1

1903

Doctorate and the Nobel Prize in Physics

She gained her Doctor of Science degree and shared half of the Nobel Prize in Physics with her husband; Henri Becquerel received the other half.1

1906

First woman professor at the Sorbonne

After Pierre Curie's death, she took his place as Professor of General Physics — the first time a woman had held the position.1

1911

Second Nobel Prize

She received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in recognition of her work in radioactivity — her second Nobel Prize.1

1914

Director of the Radium Institute laboratory

She was appointed Director of the Curie Laboratory in the Radium Institute of the University of Paris, founded in 1914.1

4 July 1934

Death in Savoy

Marie Curie died in Savoy, France, after a short illness.1

Knowledge graph

المصادر والاستشهادات

كل معلومة في هذا المقال مستمدة من المصادر أدناه، والأرقام بين قوسين في النص تشير إلى المصدر المقابل.

  1. 1
    Marie Curie – Biographical (Nobel Prize in Physics 1903)NobelPrize.org (Nobel Prize Outreach)تاريخ الاطلاع 2026-09-17Nobel Foundation copyright expired
  2. 2
    Marie Curie – Facts (Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1911)NobelPrize.org (Nobel Prize Outreach)تاريخ الاطلاع 2026-09-17© Nobel Prize Outreach